A learning goals checklist for you to keep in mind as you move through this module.

In this Neuroscience Online Chapter (also by Dr. Nachum Dafny), the modulation of pain and the associated mechanisms are discussed. 

This short video by UBC CPD provides a description of the mechanism of action for opioid agonists and antagonists.

In this Physiopedia Chapter, the modulation of pain and the associated mechanisms are discussed. 

In this Neuroscience (2nd Edition) Chapter, the modulation of pain and the associated mechanisms are discussed. 

Get to know the Gate Control Theory of Pain in this Physiopedia Chapter, which contains a link to this video description as well. 

Hear from Dr. Melzack himself about the Gate Control Theory in this 1989 interview. 

This manuscript summarizes the top 10 analgesic drugs in development. If you want to know more about how some of these drugs work, check out this Ted-Ed video. 

The MERCK manual summarizes treatments for pain in this short chapter.